When the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (“IBC/Code”) came into force on 01.12.2016, there was no provision for applicability of Limitation Act, 1963 on the applications seeking initiation of Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) against the corporate debtor under section 7,9 and 10 of the Code. – Karan Kamath† Two separate judgments in insolvency appeals from the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (“NCLAT”) came to be delivered by the Supreme Court in August 2020. They further submitted that though it is well-established that section 18 of the Limitation Act is applicable to proceedings of section 7 of the IBC, he contended that sufficient material was not placed on record (for acknowledgement of debt) for section 18 of the Limitation Act to become applicable to Section 7 of IBC in this case. The Supreme Court relying on the recent judgments in the case of Sesh Nath Singh (2021 SCC OnLine SC 244) and … On appeal, the SC was approached, and it held that Section 14 of the Limitation Act will be applicable to an application filed under Section 7 of IBC. the applicability of the limitation act, 1963 (limitation act) to the applications under the insolvency and bankruptcy code, 2016 (code) has been settled long back, after a series of contradictory rulings [1], by the report of the insolvency law committee of march 2018 [2] followed by insertion of section 238a in the code, which was then upheld … The Hon’ble court went on to say that the IBC does not exclude the application of Section 6 or 14 or 18 or any other provision of the Limitation Act to proceedings under the IBC in the NCLT /NCLAT. The applicability of Limitation Act, 1963 to IBC Cases, shall be as per the provisions of the Limitation Act and/or the Schedule to it. However, many conflicting views have been expressed in relation to the present provision. The same have been briefly discussed in the present article. T he Supreme Court, while hearing an appeal against an order of National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT), held that Limitation Act, 1963, is applicable to applications filed under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC). The Supreme Court did not find merit in this argument and upheld the applicability of Section 18 of the Limitation Act on the IBC and held that acknowledgement of debt by way of letters and E-Mails would fill within the purview of Section 18 of the Limitation Act. “IBC is not an Act for recovery of money claim. Since the Limitation Act is applicable to applications filed under Sections 7 and 9 of IBC from the inception of IBC, Article 137 of the Limitation Act gets attracted. Therefore, if any entry is indeed made, then a fresh period of limitation under section 18 of the Limitation Act would begin from the date of such accounts. section 15 of the act provides that “i n computing the period of limitation of any suit or application for the execution of a decree, the institution or execution of which has been stayed by injunction or order, the time of the continuance of the injunction or order, the day on which it was issued or made, and the day on which it was withdrawn, … This article discusses the issue of applicability of Section 14 of the Limitation Act to … In a rare instance, a three-member bench of the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) last week said that the five-member bench's judgement, which was passed in March this year was "contrary to settled law". “As observed above, Section 238A of the IBC makes the provisions of the Limitation Act, as far as may be, applicable to proceedings before the NCLT and the NCLAT. The IBC does not exclude the application of Section 6 or 14 or 18 or any other provision of the Limitation Act to proceedings under the IBC in the NCLT/NCLAT. 9198 OF 2019], vide its Judgment dated 22.03.2021 held that the #Limitation Act 1963 is applicable to proceedings under Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (‘ #IBC’).. To read more, please visit the link below: The word ‘limitation’ is defined as a restraint, restriction or a limiting rule, or in legal terms, it is the specifically stated time period, at the expiry of which, the victim parties cannot approach the court for any remedy or justice. RDB Act, 1993 Whether Section 5 of the Limitation Act shall be applicable to the appeal against the order of Recovery … Through the amendment in 2018[Ins. Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 ("Act") provides for setting aside of an arbitral award by making an application to the Court, on the grounds stated therein. Given that these are still early days of implementation of the Code… There was no one single consolidate law to deal with Corporate Insolvency. ACT . The Supreme Court's discussion on the judicial precedentsencapsulated all the fundamental principles of limitation that areapplicable to the provisions of IBC. The NCLAT, in this particular case, has given a very reasoned decision. Much has been written and discussed on the topic of applicability of Section 18 of the Limitation Act, 1963 to proceedings under the Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code, 2016 , especially after the Supreme Court's recent decision in Babulal Vardharji Gurjar (BVG). IBC Ordinance Removes Uncertainty Regarding applicability of Limitation Act. The provisions of the Limitation Act were made applicable to proceedings under the IBC by introduction of Section 238A of the IBC (which was inserted by way of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code All the provisions of the Limitation Act are applicable to proceedings in the NCLT/NCLAT, to the extent feasible, it said. The IBC did not contain any provision dealing with the issue of limitation for filing petitions under Section 7 and 9, when it was first enacted. The Legislature wherever intended, curtails the provisions of the Act. Limitation Act, 1963 applicable to applications against personal guarantors under IBC, 2016 [2021] 129 taxmann.com 351 (Article) With respect to Part, I of the Code, sections 7, 9, and 10 of the Code plainly ordain that an application can be filed by a financial creditor against a corporate debtor. In B K Educational Services (supra) a two judge bench of this Court considered the interplay of the IBC, Limitation Act and the Companies Act constituting the NCLT and held that the Limitation Act is applicable to proceedings under the IBC by virtue of Section 238-A of the IBC. “IBC is not an Act for recovery of money claim. Section 18 of the Limitation Act aims at restoring such remedial rights of the party which were barred due to the lapse of time. The IBC does not exclude the application of Section 6 or 14 or 18 or any other provision of the Limitation Act to proceedings under the IBC in the NCLT/NCLAT. In other words, no case can be brought under Section 7 IBC in respect of a financial debt after three years of the date of ‘default’, even if there is a written acknowledgment of that debt by the corporate debtor, which would otherwise give rise to a fresh period of limitation as per Section 18 of the Limitation Act. Much has been written and discussed on the topic of applicability of Section 18 of the Limitation Act, 1963 to proceedings under the Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code, 2016 , especially after the Supreme Court's recent decision in Babulal Vardharji Gurjar (BVG). Accountant’s Report The Supreme Court has held that the legislature intended to apply the Limitation Act to the IBC all along. The view taken by NCLAT is that there is nothing explicitly given in the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code that says that the Limitation Act will be applicable to IBC. The #SupremeCourt of India in the case of Sesh Nath Singh & Anr. Educational Services Private Limited v Parag Gupta And Associates, that IBC proceedings cannot be initiated based on time barred claims and that Limitation Act is applicable to IBC. In effect, the NCLAT has held that debts which were otherwise not recoverable due to being time barred, can now be basis for initiating insolvency proceedings. In the context of the NCLT, Justice R F Nariman observed: “12. Ultimately, in June 2018, Section 238A was inserted in IBC which expressly provides that the Limitation Act is applicable to proceedings under IBC. Conclusion. 3w. In India, before the advent of IBC, the Insolvency Resolution Process involved several legislations. By way of the presentJudgement, the Supreme Court has also clarified that Limitation Act. 2.21 The applicable law for the resolution of non-contractual disputes is determined on the basis of where the damage occurs, regardless of the country or countries in which the act giving rise to the damage occurs. applicability of the Limitation Act, 1963 to the IBC is much the same. This unique program gives you access to exclusive discounts and special offers to theme parks, shopping, movie tickets, hotels, broadway shows and much more - with savings up to 60% Off! The provisions of the Limitation Act were made applicable to proceedings under the IBC by introduction of Section 238A of the IBC (which was inserted by way of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code Here, the High Court of Delhi passed an order stating that in cases where defendant wasn’t prevented from filing written statements, the extension of limitation will not be applicable. IBC Ordinance Removes Uncertainty Regarding applicability of Limitation Act. Insolvency and Bankruptcy code, 2016 is a consolidate enactment of various code. The NCLAT, after exclusion of the period of about three years and six months till the date of the interim order of the High Court, during which the Financial Creditor had been proceeding under SARFAESI Act, found that the application of the Financial Creditor, under Section 7 of the IBC, was within limitation. Further, the court citing Section 29(2) ofthe Limitation Act, stated that the special laws shall apply in a suit for limitation. limitation law shall be applicable to the Code. Neither was there any provision in this regard nor was the Limitation Act, 1963 made applicable to IBC. Over the past few months, a considerable debate has emanated on whether the Limitation Act, 1963 is applicable to proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (“IBC”). Ltd. & Anr., the … Thereafter, the Financial Credi… The Limitation Act was enacted with the object of consolidating and amending the law for the limitation of suits and other proceedings. The definition of ‘security interest’ under Section 3(31) of the Code is wide enough to include the claim of the Appellant. Similarly, other provisions of the Companies Act such as sections 424,425,434 and 430 also imply that the Limitation Act is applicable to the IBC. Background Under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 (the Code), there has been an ambiguity with respect to applicability of the Limitation Act, 1963 (the Limitation Act). Although the facts differed, both appeals involved outdated claims being entertained by NCLAT without any proper adjudication on limitation issues. The Ordinance introduced a new section 238 A to the Code, which categorically states that provision of Limitation Act would be applicable to proceedings before the Adjudicating Authorities and Appellate Authorities under the Code. The IBC does not exclude the application of Section 6 or 14 or 18 or any other provision of the Limitation Act to proceedings under the IBC in the NCLT/NCLAT. Also, according to the learned Senior Advocate, the judgments of the High Courts and the judgments of this Court have expressly held that entries made clear that vide Section 238A of the IBC, Section 18 of the Limitation Act is applicable to a proceeding under Section 7 of the IBC. Limitation Act is also applicable for proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC). The view taken by NCLAT is that there is nothing explicitly given in the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code that says that the Limitation Act will be applicable to IBC. The NCLAT on a couple of occasions held that the Limitation Act is not applicable to the Code on the ground that the Code is not an act for recovery of money, but it relates to initiation of corporate insolvency resolution process. Once the period of limitation is elapsed, any right to seek relief is extin… In the case of Mis … In other words, even if Section 18 of the Limitation Act and principles thereof were applicable, the same would not apply to the application under consideration in the present case, looking to the very averment regarding default therein and for want of any other averment in regard to acknowledgement. Section 77 sub-section (3) of the Companies Act, 2013 is applicable only to the charge created by a ‘company’ and not on the encumbrance created over an asset of a company pursuant to DRT judgment. Since the Limitation Act is applicable to applications filed under sections 7 and 9 of the IBC from inception, article 137 of the Limitation Act is evoked, which provides the period of limitation in case of “any other application for which no period of limitation is provided elsewhere” as three years from the time when the right to apply accrues. paras gupta & associates[2], has held that the three year period of limitation from the date of default for an application for initiation of the corporate insolvency resolution process (‘cirp’) under section 7 of the insolvency and bankruptcy code, 2016 (‘ibc’) is only extendable under section 5 of the limitation act, 1963, if an appropriate case …
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